Driving Laws in Costa Rica - Complete Guide
Current information, rules, and requirements for international drivers
Quick Facts - Costa Rica
| Driving Side | Right |
|---|---|
| Steering Wheel | Left |
| Speed Units | km/h |
| Minimum Driving Age | 18 |
| Car Rental Age | 21-75 |
| Seat Belt Required | |
|---|---|
| Blood Alcohol Limit | 0.05% |
| IDP Required | Sometimes |
| Toll Roads | |
| Emergency Number | 911 |
Introduction
Driving in Costa Rica offers an adventurous way to explore this stunning Central American nation, with its dramatic coastlines, volcanic landscapes, and lush rainforests. Traffic moves on the right-hand side, and the local currency is the Costa Rican Colón. While major routes are generally well-maintained, road conditions can vary dramatically, and driving here requires patience and alertness. Tourists commonly rent vehicles to access remote beaches and national parks, though navigating unpaved roads, river crossings, and mountainous terrain demands a confident driver. Traffic in the capital, San José, can be congested and chaotic, with aggressive local driving styles. Outside urban areas, the pace slows considerably. Understanding local driving laws and being prepared for unexpected hazards such as pedestrians, cyclists, and wandering livestock are essential for a safe and enjoyable journey through this beautiful country.Is It Easy to Drive There?
Driving in Costa Rica presents a mixed experience depending on the region. Urban areas, particularly San José, feature heavy congestion, narrow streets, and unpredictable drivers. Outside cities, you will encounter winding mountain roads, gravel tracks, and occasional river fords that may challenge inexperienced drivers. Road signage can be sparse or missing in rural locations, and GPS navigation is not always reliable. Potholes are common, and during the rainy season from May to November, landslides and flooding can disrupt travel. However, for adventurous travelers, driving provides unparalleled freedom to discover hidden beaches, cloud forests, and volcanoes at your own pace. A 4x4 vehicle is strongly recommended for most destinations beyond the main highways, and driving exclusively during daylight hours is advised for safety.Driving Side
In Costa Rica, vehicles drive on the right-hand side of the road, and the steering wheel is positioned on the left side of the vehicle, consistent with North American and most European countries. This setup feels intuitive for visitors from the United States, Canada, and continental Europe. Overtaking is performed on the left, and oncoming traffic approaches from the right. Visitors from left-hand driving countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, or Japan should take extra care at intersections and roundabouts, as the reversed positioning requires heightened awareness during the initial adjustment period.Speed Limits
| Road Type | Speed Limit | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Urban Areas | 40 km/h (25 mph) | Strictly enforced near schools and residential zones; watch for speed bumps. |
| Rural Roads | 60 km/h (37 mph) | Often unpaved; reduce speed significantly in wet conditions. |
| Highways (Autopistas) | 80-100 km/h (50-62 mph) | Higher limits apply on divided highways such as Route 27 and Route 1. |
| Near Schools and Hospitals | 25 km/h (15 mph) | Mandatory reduced speed; fines doubled in these zones. |
Seat Belt Laws
Seat belt use is mandatory for all occupants in Costa Rica, both in the front and rear seats. This law applies to all vehicles equipped with seat belts, and enforcement has become increasingly strict. Drivers are responsible for ensuring all passengers are properly restrained. Children under the age of 12 must travel in the rear seat whenever possible and must be secured in an appropriate child restraint system based on their age and size. Failure to wear a seat belt can result in a fine of approximately ₡22,000 (approximately $42 USD) per unbelted occupant. Police checkpoints routinely inspect for seat belt compliance, and rental vehicles are required to have functional seat belts for all seating positions.Child Seat Rules
Costa Rican law requires children under 12 years of age to travel in the rear seats of the vehicle. Infants up to 12 months must be secured in a rear-facing child seat. Children aged 1 to 4 years should use a forward-facing child seat with a harness. Children aged 4 to 8 years and under 145 cm in height must use a booster seat to ensure the vehicle seat belt fits properly across the chest and lap. ISOFIX anchorage points are available in most modern rental vehicles but are not legally mandated nationwide. If you are renting a car, child seats must be requested in advance and typically cost an additional ₡3,500 to ₡5,500 (approximately $7 to $10 USD) per day. Taxis are exempt from child seat requirements, though safety is not guaranteed.Drink Driving Laws
Costa Rica enforces a strict blood alcohol concentration limit of 0.05% for all drivers. For commercial and public transport drivers, the limit is effectively zero. Police conduct random roadside breathalyzer tests, and checkpoints are common during weekends and holidays. Refusing a breath test is an offense. Penalties for exceeding the legal limit include fines starting at ₡300,000 (approximately $560 USD) for first offenses, escalating significantly for higher BAC readings or repeat violations. A BAC above 0.10% can lead to immediate license suspension, vehicle impoundment, and potential imprisonment. If a driver causes an accident while intoxicated, criminal charges apply, and insurance coverage is voided entirely. The legal drinking age is 18.Mobile Phone Rules
The use of a handheld mobile phone while driving is strictly prohibited in Costa Rica. Drivers may only use a phone with a fully hands-free system, such as Bluetooth connectivity or a dashboard-mounted device. Holding a phone to make calls, send messages, or use navigation apps while the vehicle is in motion is illegal. GPS devices may be used if mounted securely and programmed before departure. Violations for using a handheld phone while driving result in a fine of approximately ₡115,000 (approximately $215 USD). Repeat offenses can lead to additional penalties, including points on the driving record. Police actively enforce this law, and checkpoints monitor for phone use.Required Documents
- Valid passport (must be current and not expired)
- Valid driver's license from your home country (must be in good standing)
- International Driving Permit if your license is not in English or Spanish
- Rental car agreement and reservation confirmation
- Vehicle registration documents (provided by rental agency)
- Proof of mandatory liability insurance (Seguro Obligatorio Automotor)
- Credit card in the driver's name for the rental deposit
International Driving Permit (IDP)
An International Driving Permit is required in Costa Rica if your home country driver's license is not issued in English or Spanish. Visitors from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and most European Union countries can drive with their valid national license for up to 90 days. However, if your license is in a language other than English or Spanish, you must carry an IDP as a certified translation. The IDP is not a standalone document; it must accompany your original license. Obtaining an IDP before travel is essential, as they cannot be issued within Costa Rica. After 90 days of continuous stay, foreign drivers must obtain a Costa Rican driver's license. Rental agencies may require an IDP regardless of the legal requirement, so it is wise to carry one.Road Signs
Road signs in Costa Rica generally follow the Manual Centroamericano de Dispositivos Uniformes para el Control del Tránsito, similar to international standards. Stop signs are red octagons marked ALTO. Yield signs are inverted white triangles with a red border marked CEDA. Speed limit signs are circular with a red border and black numbers on white background. No Entry signs display a red circle with a white horizontal bar. School zone signs feature a yellow diamond with silhouettes of children. A uniquely important sign is the Puente Angosto (Narrow Bridge) warning, indicating a single-lane bridge ahead where vehicles must yield. Warning signs for landslides (Derrumbes) and falling rocks are common in mountainous areas. Yellow diamond signs with a cow symbol indicate livestock crossing areas.Toll Roads
Costa Rica has several toll roads, primarily on major highways connecting San José to the Pacific coast, the Caribbean coast, and the northern regions. The main tolled routes include Route 27 (San José to Caldera), Route 1 (Interamericana Norte), and Route 2 (Interamericana Sur). Tolls are collected at physical plazas and payment is accepted in Costa Rican Colones or US Dollars in cash. Some toll plazas now accept contactless credit card payments. Toll costs range from ₡400 to ₡1,500 (approximately $0.75 to $2.80 USD) per plaza depending on vehicle type and distance. There is no electronic toll tag system for tourists, so carrying small bills and coins is essential. On Route 27, automated toll lanes require a prepaid Quick Pass device, but manual cash lanes remain available.Fuel Stations
Fuel stations are widely available along major highways and in towns throughout Costa Rica. The state monopoly, Refinadora Costarricense de Petróleo (RECOPE), supplies all stations, ensuring consistent quality. Petrol is sold as Plus 91 (regular) and Súper (premium 95 octane). Diesel is readily available for diesel vehicles. LPG and CNG are not commonly available for public use. Electric vehicle charging stations are growing in number, particularly around San José, along Route 27, and in tourist hubs like Guanacaste, with networks such as CNFL and private hotels offering chargers. Most fuel stations operate from 6:00 AM to 10:00 PM, though some 24-hour stations exist in major cities. As of mid-2026, regular petrol costs approximately ₡750 per liter (approximately $5.30 USD per gallon), while diesel costs approximately ₡640 per liter (approximately $4.50 USD per gallon).Parking Rules
Parking in Costa Rican cities requires attention to local regulations. In San José and other urban centers, designated parking areas use colored curbs: yellow curbs indicate no parking zones, white curbs allow free parking, and blue curbs denote metered parking. Municipal parking meters accept coins and sometimes mobile payments through apps like Parquímetros SJ. Parking fees in San José typically cost ₡500 to ₡1,000 per hour (approximately $0.95 to $1.90 USD). Illegal parking fines range from ₡25,000 to ₡50,000 (approximately $47 to $94 USD), and vehicles may be towed or wheel-clamped, incurring additional release fees. In tourist beach towns, parking is generally free near beaches and restaurants, but always check for posted signs. Avoid parking on sidewalks, in front of driveways, or within 10 meters of intersections. Secure, paid parking lots are recommended in cities overnight.Roundabout Rules
Roundabouts in Costa Rica follow standard right-hand traffic rules: traffic already circulating within the roundabout has the right of way, and entering vehicles must yield. Approach slowly, signal your intention to exit once you pass the exit immediately before yours, and maintain your lane throughout. Many roundabouts in Costa Rica have multiple lanes; select the appropriate lane before entering based on your intended exit direction. Be prepared for local drivers who may not always signal or yield correctly. Motorcycles frequently filter through traffic in roundabouts, requiring extra vigilance. In rural areas, roundabouts are less common, but when present, the same priority rules apply.Winter Driving
Winter driving in the traditional sense does not apply to Costa Rica, as the country has a tropical climate and does not experience snow or ice. However, the rainy season from May to November brings significant driving challenges that require similar preparation. Heavy rainfall reduces visibility, creates slippery road surfaces, and can cause dangerous landslides, particularly on mountainous routes such as Cerro de la Muerte and roads around Arenal. Flash flooding may render roads impassable, especially in low-lying coastal areas. Drivers should equip vehicles with good quality windshield wipers, ensure headlights and taillights function properly, and maintain adequate tire tread depth. A 4x4 vehicle with high ground clearance is essential during this season. Always check weather and road condition reports before departing on long journeys.Low Emission Zones
Costa Rica has not yet established formal low emission zones comparable to those in European cities. However, the government has implemented vehicle restriction measures in San José to combat air pollution and congestion. The Restricción Vehicular San José program restricts vehicles from circulating in the city center one day per week based on the last digit of the license plate number, typically during peak morning and afternoon hours on weekdays. This applies to all vehicles, including rentals. Violating the restriction results in a fine of approximately ₡55,000 (approximately $103 USD). Electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and cars with disability permits are exempt from these restrictions. The program aims to reduce emissions and traffic volume, and enforcement is conducted through police checkpoints and traffic cameras.Traffic Fines
| Violation | Fine (CRC) | Approximate USD |
|---|---|---|
| Speeding (1-20 km/h over limit) | ₡55,000 | $103 USD |
| Speeding (20+ km/h over limit) | ₡110,000 | $206 USD |
| Using handheld phone while driving | ₡115,000 | $215 USD |
| Seat belt violation (per occupant) | ₡22,000 | $42 USD |
| Drink driving (BAC 0.05%-0.10%) | ₡300,000 | $560 USD |
| Drink driving (BAC above 0.10%) | ₡500,000+ | $935+ USD |
| Running a red light | ₡110,000 | $206 USD |
| Illegal parking | ₡25,000-₡50,000 | $47-$94 USD |
Driving Tips for Tourists
- Rent a 4x4 vehicle with high ground clearance if you plan to explore beyond main highways and urban areas; many roads to beaches and national parks are unpaved and rugged.
- Avoid driving at night outside city limits. Roads are poorly lit, pedestrians and cyclists often wear dark clothing, and animals frequently wander onto roadways.
- Carry cash in Costa Rican Colones for tolls, parking, and fuel, as not all rural stations accept credit cards.
- Be prepared for river crossings on rural roads, especially during the rainy season; never attempt to cross a river if the water level is high or flowing rapidly.
- Use Waze rather than Google Maps for navigation; it is widely used by locals and provides real-time traffic and hazard alerts specific to Costa Rica.
- Watch for speed bumps (reductores de velocidad) in villages and small towns; they are often unmarked and can cause serious damage if taken at speed.
- Keep your vehicle doors locked and valuables out of sight to avoid opportunistic theft at traffic lights and parking areas.
- In case of an accident, do not move the vehicle until the traffic police arrive, as moving the vehicle can affect the official police report required for insurance claims.
- Always carry drinking water, snacks, and a fully charged mobile phone with a local SIM card or roaming capability, as services can be sparse in remote regions.
Renting a Car
Renting a car in Costa Rica is straightforward but requires attention to mandatory insurance requirements. The minimum rental age is 21, and drivers under 25 may incur a young driver surcharge of approximately ₡5,000 to ₡8,000 (approximately $9 to $15 USD) per day. A valid credit card in the driver's name is essential for the security deposit, which typically ranges from ₡500,000 to ₡1,500,000 (approximately $935 to $2,800 USD) depending on the vehicle category and insurance coverage selected. Costa Rican law mandates that all rental vehicles carry Seguro Obligatorio Automotor (SOA), a basic third-party liability insurance included in most rates. Rental agencies strongly recommend or require additional Collision Damage Waiver (CDW) coverage. If you decline CDW, a larger deposit hold is placed. Many agencies offer full protection packages eliminating the deductible. Average daily rental rates range from ₡20,000 to ₡40,000 (approximately $37 to $75 USD) for a standard sedan and ₡35,000 to ₡70,000 (approximately $65 to $130 USD) for a 4x4 SUV, excluding mandatory insurance. Airport pickup is available at both Juan Santamaría International Airport (SJO) and Liberia Guanacaste Airport (LIR). One-way rentals between major cities are generally permitted, though cross-border travel into Nicaragua or Panama is usually restricted. Always thoroughly photograph the vehicle before departure to document pre-existing damage.Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, visitors from the United States can drive in Costa Rica using a valid US driver's license for up to 90 days from the date of entry. Your license must be in good standing and in English. An International Driving Permit is not legally required for US license holders but can be helpful as a supplementary document.
An International Driving Permit is required if your driver's license is not in English or Spanish. Visitors with licenses issued in languages such as Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, or Russian must carry an IDP as a certified translation alongside their original license. Obtain the IDP in your home country before traveling.
Driving at night is not recommended, especially outside urban areas. Roads are poorly lit or completely dark, pedestrians and cyclists may not be visible, and animals such as cattle and dogs frequently wander onto roadways. Unmarked hazards like potholes and missing guardrails pose serious risks. If possible, plan all driving during daylight hours.
Costa Rica drives on the right-hand side of the road, with the steering wheel on the left side of the vehicle. This aligns with the driving orientation of the United States, Canada, and most European countries.
Toll costs range from approximately ₡400 to ₡1,500 (approximately $0.75 to $2.80 USD) per toll plaza, depending on the route and vehicle type. Tolls are paid in cash, either in Costa Rican Colones or US Dollars. Some plazas accept credit cards, but it is best to carry small bills and coins.
Yes, automatic transmission vehicles are widely available from major rental agencies, particularly at international airports. However, they are more expensive to rent than manual transmission cars and should be booked well in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons from December to April.
If you receive a speeding ticket, the fine will be linked to your rental vehicle. The rental company may charge the fine amount to your credit card on file, along with an administrative fee. Fines range from ₡55,000 (approximately $103 USD) for minor speeding to ₡110,000 (approximately $206 USD) for exceeding the limit by more than 20 km/h.
The legal drinking age in Costa Rica is 18. The blood alcohol concentration limit for drivers is 0.05%. Penalties for exceeding this limit start at ₡300,000 (approximately $560 USD) and can include license suspension, vehicle impoundment, and imprisonment for higher BAC levels.
Yes, fuel stations are widely available along major highways and in towns. Regular and premium petrol plus diesel are sold at all stations. Electric vehicle charging stations are increasing in number but remain concentrated around San José and major tourist areas. Rural areas may have fewer stations, so refuel before long journeys.
Parking in San José can be paid at municipal parking meters using coins or through mobile payment apps such as Parquímetros SJ. Rates typically range from ₡500 to ₡1,000 per hour (approximately $0.95 to $1.90 USD). Check curb colors: yellow means no parking, white means free, and blue means metered parking.
Mandatory third-party liability insurance, called Seguro Obligatorio Automotor, is required for all vehicles and is usually included in rental rates. Rental agencies strongly recommend additional collision damage waiver coverage. If you decline it, a large deposit hold will be placed on your credit card, typically ₡500,000 to ₡1,500,000 (approximately $935 to $2,800 USD).
You may use a mobile phone for GPS navigation only if it is mounted in a hands-free cradle and programmed before you begin driving. Holding the phone while driving is illegal and carries a fine of approximately ₡115,000 (approximately $215 USD). Waze is the preferred navigation app used by locals.
If you are involved in an accident, do not move the vehicle until the traffic police arrive, unless it poses an immediate safety hazard. Call 911 for emergency services. Moving the vehicle can invalidate the official police report needed for insurance claims. Contact your rental agency immediately and photograph everything.